I-Gyroscope ye-Three-axis: ukuhlaziywa okufushane komgomo wokuzinza

Emkhakheni weyunithi yokulinganisa inertial (IMUs),ama-gyroscopes amathathu-axiszigqame njengezingxenye ezibalulekile, ezihlinzeka ngedatha ebalulekile yokulawula isimo sengqondo ezinhlelweni ezisukela ku-aerospace kuya kumasistimu ezimoto. Ukuqonda izimiso zokuzinza kwe-gyroscope ye-axis emithathu kubalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza kwayo nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuthembekile ezindaweni eziguquguqukayo.

## Umgomo wokusebenza we-three-axis gyroscope

I-gyroscopes enezinhlangothi ezintathusebenza ngokulinganisa isivinini se-angular mayelana nezimbazo ezintathu ezizimele (X, Y, kanye no-Z). Uma ingaphansi kokujikeleza kwangaphandle, i-gyroscope ikhiqiza isivinini se-angular sokuzungeza, esibalulekile ekunqumeni ukuma kwedivayisi. Isakhiwo sangaphakathi se-gyroscope ene-axis emithathu ngokuvamile sihlanganisa ukumelana kwangaphakathi kwe-gyroscope, i-tachometer enamandla kanye ne-loop yokulawula. Ngokuhlangene, lezi zingxenye zisiza ukutholwa nokulawulwa kokuma kwedivayisi.

Ukumelana kwangaphakathi kwe-gyroscope kusiza ukugcina ukuzinza kwayo ngokumelana nezinguquko ekuhambeni, kuyilapho i-tachometer eguquguqukayo ikala izinga lokujikeleza. Iluphu yokulawula icubungula le datha, ivumela ukulungiswa kwesikhathi sangempela ukuze kugcinwe indlela oyifunayo. Ukusebenzisana okuyinkimbinkimbi phakathi kwezingxenye kuqinisekisa ukuthi i-gyroscope ingakwazi ukulandelela ngokunembile izinguquko endaweni nokuma kwayo, okubalulekile ezinhlelweni zokusebenza ezidinga ukuzulazula nokulawula okunembile.

## Umthombo ozinzile

Ukuzinza kwe-gyroscope yama-axis amathathu ikakhulukazi kuvela emithonjeni emibili: ukuzinza kwemishini kanye nokuzinza kwesifunda.

### Ukuzinza Komshini

Ukuzinza kwemishini kubalulekile ekusebenzeni okunembile kwe-gyroscope ye-three-axis. Idivayisi kufanele ibonise ukuzinza okuphezulu komshini ukuze kuncishiswe imiphumela yokudlidliza nokuphazamiseka kwangaphandle. Ukudlidliza komshini kungase kwethule amaphutha okulinganisa isivinini esingama-angular, okuholela ekunqumeni kwesimo sengqondo esinganembile. Ukunciphisa lezi zinkinga, abakhiqizi bavame ukusebenzisa izinto ezimazombezombe kanye namasu okuklama ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukumelana kwe-gyroscope nokushaqeka kwemishini nokudlidliza.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukulungiswa nokufakwa kwe-gyroscope nakho kudlala indima ebalulekile ekuzinzeni kwayo kwemishini. Ukuqondanisa okulungile nokukhweza okuvikelekile kuqhubeke kunciphisa ingozi yokuphazanyiswa kwamandla angaphandle, kuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle kwe-gyroscope ngaphansi kwezimo ezihlukahlukene zokusebenza.

### Ukuzinza kwesifunda

Okubaluleke ngokulinganayo ukuzinza kwesekhethi ye-gyroscope ye-three-axis. Izifunda ezihilelekile ekucubunguleni isignali, njengamasekhethi okukhulisa isignali ye-gyroscope namasekhethi okuhlunga, kufanele abonise ukuzinza okuphezulu ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukudluliswa kwedatha okunembile. Lawa masekethi aklanyelwe ukwenqaba ukuphazamiseka, ukukhulisa isignali, futhi enze ukuhlunga kokudlula okuphezulu nokuphansi, okubalulekile ekugcineni ubuqotho besignali yesivinini se-angular.

Ukuzinza kwesifunda kubalulekile ngoba noma yikuphi ukuguquguquka noma umsindo kusiginali kungabangela ukufundwa okungamanga, kuthinte kabi ukusebenza kwesistimu yokulawula. Ngakho-ke, onjiniyela bagxila ekwakhiweni kwamasekhethi angakwazi ukumelana nezinguquko zemvelo futhi agcine ukusebenza okungaguquki ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

## Ukusetshenziswa kwe-gyroscope yama-axis amathathu

Ama-gyroscope ama-axis amathathu asetshenziswa kabanzi emikhakheni ehlukahlukene. Ezindizeni, zibalulekile ukuze kuzuzwe ukulawula okuzinzile kwesihloko nesimo sengqondo, okuvumela abashayeli bezindiza ukuthi bahambe ngokuphepha nangempumelelo. Embonini yezimoto, lawa ma-gyroscope asetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zosizo lwabashayeli (ADAS) ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuzinza nokulawula kwezimoto.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ekuhambeni olwandle, ama-gyroscopes ane-axis amathathu asetshenziselwa ukulinganisa nokulawula isimo sengqondo esiguquguqukayo semikhumbi nemikhumbi-ngwenya ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuzulazula okuphephile nokunembile ezimweni ezinzima. Ikhono labo lokuhlinzeka ngedatha yokuqondisa yesikhathi sangempela ibenza babaluleke kakhulu ezinhlelweni zesimanje zokuzulazula.

## Ngokufigqiwe

I-gyroscopes enezinhlangothi ezintathuziyitshe legumbi lobuchwepheshe bokulinganisa okune-inertial, futhi ukuzinza nokunemba kwazo kubalulekile ekulawuleni isimo sengqondo esiphumelelayo. Ngokuqonda izimiso zokuzinza kwemishini nokujikeleza, onjiniyela bangaklama ama-gyroscopes athembeke kakhudlwana ukuze ahlangabezane nezidingo zezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlelo zokusebenza. Njengoba ubuchwepheshe buqhubeka nokuvela, indima yama-gyroscopes e-three-axis kuma-IMU izobaluleka kakhulu, ivula indlela yentuthuko ekuzulazuleni, amarobhothi neminye imikhakha.