Emkhakheni wobuchwepheshe be-aerospace,amasistimu wokuzulazula anertial(I-INS) iyindlela emisha eyinhloko, ikakhulukazi yemikhumbi-mkhathi. Lolu hlelo oluyinkimbinkimbi lwenza umkhumbi-mkhathi ukwazi ukunquma ngokuzenzakalelayo umzila wawo ngaphandle kokuthembela emishinini yokuzulazula yangaphandle. Enhliziyweni yalobu buchwepheshe i-Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU), ingxenye ebalulekile edlala indima ebalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukunemba nokuthembeka kokuzulazula endaweni enkulu.
#### Izingxenye zesistimu yokuzulazula engasebenzi
Iuhlelo lokuzulazula lwe-inertialikakhulukazi iqukethe izici ezintathu eziyisisekelo: iyunithi yokulinganisa inertial (IMU), iyunithi yokucubungula idatha kanye ne-algorithm yokuzula. I-IMU iklanyelwe ukubona izinguquko ekusheshiseni komkhumbi-mkhathi kanye nesivinini esingama-angular, ukuyivumela ukuba ilinganise futhi ibale isimo sengqondo nesimo sokunyakaza kwendiza ngesikhathi sangempela. Leli khono libalulekile ekugcineni uzinzo nokulawula phakathi nazo zonke izigaba zemishini.
Iyunithi yokucubungula idatha ihambisana ne-IMU ngokuhlaziya idatha yenzwa eqoqwe phakathi nendiza. Icubungula lolu lwazi ukuze ithole imininingwane enengqondo, ebese isetshenziswa ama-algorithms okuzulazula ukukhiqiza imiphumela yokugcina yokuzulazula. Lokhu kuhlanganiswa okungenamthungo kwezingxenye kuqinisekisa ukuthi umkhumbi-mkhathi ukwazi ukuzulazula ngempumelelo ngisho nalapho zingekho izimpawu zangaphandle.
#### Ukuzimisela komgudu ozimele
Enye yezinzuzo ezibaluleke kakhulu zesistimu yokuzulazula ye-inertial ikhono layo lokunquma ngokuzimela umgudu womkhumbi-mkhathi. Ngokungafani nezinhlelo zokuzulazula ezivamile ezithembele eziteshini eziphansi noma izinhlelo zokubeka isathelayithi, i-INS isebenza ngokuzenzakalelayo. Lokhu kuzimela kuwusizo ikakhulukazi phakathi nezigaba ezibucayi zemishini, njengokuqalisa kanye nokuqondiswa kwe-orbital, lapho amasignali angaphandle angase angathembeki noma angatholakali.
Phakathi nesigaba sokwethulwa, isistimu yokuzulazula engenzi lutho inikeza amandla anembile okuzulazula nokulawula, iqinisekisa ukuthi umkhumbi-mkhathi uhlala uzinzile futhi ulandela umgudu ohlosiwe. Njengoba umkhumbi-mkhathi ukhuphuka, isistimu ye-inertial navigation eqhubekayo iqapha ukunyakaza kwayo, yenza izinguquko zesikhathi sangempela ukuze kugcinwe izimo zendiza ezilungile.
Phakathi nesigaba sendiza, isistimu yokuzulazula ene-inertial idlala indima ebalulekile ngokulinganayo. Ilungisa ngokuqhubekayo isimo sengqondo nokunyakaza komkhumbi-mkhathi ukuze kube lula ukumisa idokodo nge-orbit eqondiwe. Leli khono libalulekile ohambweni oluhlanganisa ukuthunyelwa kwesathelayithi, ukunikezwa kabusha kwesiteshi sasemkhathini noma ukuhlola kwe-interstellar.
#### Izinhlelo zokusebenza Ekubhekweni komhlaba kanye Nokuhlola Izisetshenziswa
Ukusetshenziswa kwamasistimu okuzulazula angasebenzi akukhawulelwe ekunqumeni umzila. Ekuhloleni kwasemkhathini nasekudwebeni imephu nasekuhloleni insiza yomhlaba, amasistimu wokuzulazula angenawo amandla anikeza indawo enembile nolwazi lwezikhombisi-ndlela. Le datha ibaluleke kakhulu ohambweni lokubuka umhlaba, okuvumela ososayensi nabacwaningi ukuthi baqoqe ulwazi olubalulekile mayelana nezinsiza Zomhlaba kanye nezinguquko zemvelo.
#### Izinselele namathemba esikhathi esizayo
Nakuba amasistimu wokuzulazula angasebenzi anikeza izinzuzo eziningi, anezinselele. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, iphutha lenzwa kanye nokukhukhuleka kubangela ukunemba kwehle kancane kancane. Ukunciphisa lezi zinkinga, ukulinganisa ngezikhathi ezithile kanye nesinxephezelo ngezinye izindlela kuyadingeka.
Uma sibheka ikusasa, ikusasa lamasistimu okuzulazula angasebenzi liqhakazile. Ngokuqhubeka nokusungula izinto ezintsha nocwaningo, singalindela ukunemba kokuzulazula nokuthembeka ukuthi kuthuthuke kakhulu. Njengoba lezi zinhlelo zithuthuka, zizodlala indima ebalulekile ngokuya ngezindiza, ukuhamba ngemikhumbi nakweminye imikhakha, zibeka isisekelo esiqinile sokuhlola indawo yonke komuntu.
Ngokufigqiwe,amasistimu wokuzulazula anertialzimelela ukweqa okukhulu kubuchwepheshe bokuzulazula bemikhumbi-mkhathi ngomklamo wabo ohlakaniphile namandla okuzimela. Ngokusebenzisa amandla ama-IMU nobuchwepheshe bokucubungula idatha obuthuthukisiwe, i-INS ayithuthukisi nje ukuphepha nokusebenza kahle kwemishini yasemkhathini, kodwa futhi ivula indlela yokuhlola okuzayo ngale koMhlaba.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-22-2024