Ezweni lobuchwepheshe elithuthukayo ngokushesha, izinzwa zeyunithi yokulinganisa inertial (IMU) seziphenduke izingxenye ezibalulekile ezinhlelweni zokusebenza ezisukela ku-elekthronikhi yabathengi ukuya kumarobhothi athuthukile. Inzwa ye-IMU iyidivayisi eyinkimbinkimbi eklanyelwe ukukala i-engeli ye-engeli ye-axis emithathu yento kanye nesilinganiso se-angular nokusheshisa. Lesi sakhiwo sikwenza sibaluleke kakhulu ekuxazululeni izinkinga eziyinkimbinkimbi ezihlobene nokuzulazula, umumo nokulawula ukunyakaza.
Ukwakheka kanye nesimiso sokusebenza
IInzwa ye-IMUikakhulukazi iqukethe izingxenye ezimbili ezibalulekile: i-accelerometer ne-gyroscope. Ama-accelerometer akala ukusheshisa komugqa wento ngezimbazo ezintathu (X, Y, kanye no-Z). I-Gyroscopes, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ikala isivinini se-angular, ihlinzeka ngedatha ebalulekile mayelana nokunyakaza kokujikeleza kwento.
Lezi zinzwa zingasetshenziswa ngazodwana noma zihlanganiswe ukwakha uhlelo lwe-IMU lwama-eksisi ayisithupha noma ayisishiyagalolunye. Amasistimu e-axis ayisithupha ngokuvamile ahlanganisa ama-accelerometer amathathu nama-gyroscopes amathathu, kuyilapho amasistimu e-axis ayisishiyagalolunye engeza ama-magnetometer ukuze anikeze idatha eyengeziwe yokuma. Ngokuqhubeka nokulinganisa izinguquko ku-inertia, izinzwa ze-IMU zingalinganisela isimo sokunyakaza sento, okuhlanganisa indawo yayo, isivinini nesimo sengqondo. Le datha yesikhathi sangempela ibalulekile ezinhlelweni zokusebenza ezidinga ukulandelela nokulawula ukunyakaza okunembile.
Izimo zohlelo lokusebenza
Izinzwa ze-IMUahlukahlukene futhi angasetshenziswa ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene. Emkhakheni wezimoto, badlala indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ukuqina kwezimoto kanye nokuhamba. Ngokunikeza idatha yesikhathi sangempela mayelana nokuqondiswa kwemoto nokusheshisa, izinzwa ze-IMU zinika amandla amasistimu okusiza abashayeli (ADAS) ukuthi asebenze ngempumelelo, athuthukise ukuphepha nokusebenza.
Kumarobhothi, izinzwa ze-IMU zibalulekile ekugcineni ibhalansi nokuzinza. Avumela amarobhothi ukuthi abikezele isivinini kanye ne-trajectory yawo, ngaleyo ndlela enze kube lula ukuma nokuzulazula okunembile. Leli khono libaluleke kakhulu ezinhlelweni zokusebenza ezifana nezimoto ezizishayelayo nama-drones, lapho ukunyakaza okunembile kubalulekile ekusebenzeni ngempumelelo.
Ukwengeza, izinzwa ze-IMU ziya ngokuya zihlanganiswa kuma-electronics abathengi, njengama-smartphone namadivayisi emidlalo. Bathuthukisa ulwazi olunzulu ngomsebenzisi ngokunika amandla izici ezifana nezilawuli ezisuselwe emnyakazweni kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza zangempela ezi-augmented. Ezinhlelweni zokulawula izimboni, izinzwa ze-IMU zisiza ukufeza ukuzenzekelayo nokusebenza kahle, okuvumela ukuqapha nokuphathwa okungcono kwemishini.
Imboni ye-aerospace nayo izuze kakhulu kubuchwepheshe be-IMU. Ezindizeni nasemkhathini, izinzwa ze-IMU zisetshenziselwa ukuhamba nokulawula isimo sengqondo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi lezi zindiza zingasebenza ngokuphepha nangempumelelo ezindaweni eziyinkimbinkimbi.
Ngokufigqiwe
Kafushane,Izinzwa ze-IMUziwubuchwepheshe obuyisisekelo obusekela izinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi emikhakheni eyahlukene. Ikhono layo lokulinganisa ukusheshisa kanye nesivinini se-angular ngokunemba okuphezulu kuyenza ibe ithuluzi elibalulekile lokuzulazula, umumo nokulawula ukunyakaza. Njengoba ubuchwepheshe buqhubeka buthuthuka, indima yezinzwa ze-IMU izogqama kakhulu, iqhube uguquko futhi ithuthukise ukusebenza kwamadivayisi esimanje. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kumasistimu ezimoto, amarobhothi, ama-electronics abathengi noma i-aerospace, izinzwa ze-IMU zizohlala zihamba phambili ekuthuthukisweni kobuchwepheshe ukuze zidale umhlaba ohlakaniphile, oxhumeke kakhulu.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-28-2024