Emkhakheni okhula ngokushesha wezimoto zasemoyeni ezinganamuntu (UAVs), amayunithi okulinganisa angasebenzi (IMUs) agqama njengengxenye ebalulekile yokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwendiza nokunemba kokuzulazula. Njengoba isidingo sama-drones siqhubeka nokwanda ezimbonini kusukela kwezolimo kuya ekugadweni, ukuhlanganiswa kobuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe be-IMU buya ngokuya bubaluleke kakhulu. Le ndatshana icubungula indima ebalulekile yama-IMU kuma-drones, ekhombisa ukuthi anikela kanjani ekundizeni okuzinzile, ukuzulazula okunembile kanye nokugwema izithiyo.
Enhliziyweni yayo yonke i-drone esebenza kahle kakhulu i-IMU, umhlangano wezinzwa oyinkimbinkimbi okala ngokucophelela futhi urekhode ukunyakaza kwe-drone okunezinhlangothi ezintathu. Ngokuhlanganisa ama-gyroscopes, ama-accelerometer nama-magnetometers, i-IMU inikeza idatha ebalulekile ngesimo sengqondo se-drone, ukusheshisa kanye nesivinini esingama-angular. Lolu lwazi lungaphezu kolwazi olungeziwe; kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa indiza ezinzile kanye navigation ngempumelelo. I-IMU isebenza njengobuchopho be-drone, icubungula idatha yesikhathi sangempela futhi yazisa uhlelo lokulawula indiza, okuvumela ukusebenza okungenazihibe ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene.
Esinye sezici ezivelele ze-IMU yikhono layo lokuhlinzeka ngolwazi lwesikhathi sangempela sesimo sengqondo. I-IMU iqinisekisa ukuthi i-drone igcina indlela yendiza ezinzile ngokukala i-engeli ye-pitch, i-roll angle kanye ne-yaw angle ye-drone. Leli khono libaluleke kakhulu ezimeni eziyinselelo ezifana nemimoya enamandla noma isiyaluyalu, lapho ngisho nokuchezuka okuncane kungaholela kumaphutha amakhulu okuzulazula. Ngezilinganiso ezinembile ze-IMU, abaqhubi be-drone bangaqiniseka ukuthi ama-drones abo azosebenza ngokwethembeka ngisho nasezimweni ezinzima kakhulu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-IMU nayo idlala indima ebalulekile ekusizeni ukuzulazula. Uma ihlanganiswe nezinye izinzwa ezifana ne-GPS, idatha ehlinzekwe yi-IMU ithuthukisa ikhono le-drone lokunquma indawo nokuma kwayo ngokunemba okuphezulu kakhulu. Ukusebenzisana phakathi kwe-IMU nobuchwepheshe be-GPS kwenza ukuzulazula okunembayo, okuvumela ama-drones ukuthi enze kalula izindlela zendiza eziyinkimbinkimbi kanye nemishini. Ukuthi adweba imephu yezindawo ezinkulu zamapulazi noma enze ukuhlola kwasemoyeni, ama-IMU aqinisekisa ukuthi ama-drones ahlala esendleleni futhi alethe imiphumela ehlangabezana noma edlula okulindelekile.
Ngokungeziwe ekuzulazuleni, i-IMU isiza ukugwema izithiyo nokugcina indiza ezinzile. Idatha ekhiqizwa i-IMU ifakwa ku-algorithm yokulawula indiza, okuvumela i-drone ukuthi ibone futhi igweme izithiyo ngesikhathi sangempela. Leli khono libalulekile ezinhlelweni zokusebenza ezifana nezinsizakalo zokulethwa, lapho ama-drones kufanele azulazule ezindaweni zasemadolobheni ezigcwele izakhiwo, izihlahla nezinye izingozi ezingaba khona. Ngokusebenzisa idatha evela ku-IMU, i-drone ingenza izinqumo ze-split-second ukushintsha indlela yayo yendiza, iqinisekise ukuphepha nokusebenza kahle.
Izinzwa ezithuthukile ngaphakathi kwe-IMU, okuhlanganisa izinzwa ze-MEMS kanye nama-gyroscopes e-axis amathathu, zibalulekile ekuzuzeni lawa makhono amangalisayo. Izinzwa ze-MEMS zisebenzisa ukwakheka kwemishini emincane ukukala ngokunembile ukusheshisa kanye nesivinini esingama-angular, kuyilapho ama-gyroscopes e-axis amathathu ethwebula ukunyakaza okujikelezayo kwe-drone ngezilinganiso ezintathu. Ndawonye, lezi zingxenye zakha uhlelo olunamandla oluvumela i-drone ukuthi isebenze ngokunemba okungenakuqhathaniswa nokwethembeka.
Ngamafuphi, ukusetshenziswa kweIMUubuchwepheshe kuma-drones buzoshintsha imithetho yemboni. I-IMU ithuthukisa ukusebenza kukonke kwe-drone ngokunikeza idatha edingekayo yendiza ezinzile, ukuzulazula okunembile kanye nokugwema izithiyo ezisebenzayo. Njengoba imakethe yama-drone iqhubeka nokukhula, ukutshala imali kubuchwepheshe be-IMU obuphambili ngokungangabazeki kuzoba yisici esibalulekile ekuzuzeni ukusebenza kahle nokuhlangabezana nezidingo ezahlukahlukene zezimboni ezahlukahlukene. Yamukela ikusasa lendiza ngama-drones ahlome nge-IMU futhi uzwe umehluko wokunemba nokuzinza okulethwa ukusebenza kwasemoyeni.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-10-2024